Four noncumulative, multiple-choice exams are required. It is the student's responsibility to notify the professor in advance of one's inability to show up for a scheduled exam. Failure to do so will result in a penalty ranging from a few points reduction in the test grade to loss of opportunity to make up the test--depending on one's reason for missing the test. Makeup tests are permitted for unavoidable absence due to serious illness, family emergencies, or officially excused college activities. Makeups are not generally permitted for such reasons as having more than one exam on the same day, off-campus for unofficial reasons, minor  illness, overtiredness, etc.